The News
Dedicated to Austrian-Hungarian Burgenland Family History


THE BURGENLAND BUNCH NEWS - No. 289
July 31, 2018, © 2018 by The Burgenland Bunch
All rights reserved. Permission to copy excerpts granted if credit is provided.

Editor: Thomas Steichen (email: tj.steichen@comcast.net)

BB Home Page: the-burgenland-bunch.org
BB Newsletter Archives: BB Newsletter
BB Facebook Page: TheBurgenlandBunchOFFICIAL

Our 22nd year. The Burgenland Bunch Newsletter is issued monthly online.
The BB was founded by Gerald Berghold, who died in August 2008.

Current Status Of The BB:
* Members: 2658 * Surname Entries: 8388 * Query Board Entries: 5733 * Staff Members: 15


This newsletter concerns:

1) THE PRESIDENT'S CORNER

2) FINDING "STUFF" IN (DIGITAL) MICROFILMS

3) DATE-OF-BIRTH ERRORS—ROADBLOCKS, DEAD ENDS, AND BRICK WALLS (by Richard Potetz)

4) TEN RULES FOR THE RETURNING EMIGRANT

5) HISTORICAL BB NEWSLETTER ARTICLES:
    - DNA SEQUENCE PROVES GERMANIC MIGRATION OF MY MATERNAL CLAN (by Gerry Berghold)

6) ETHNIC EVENTS

7) BURGENLAND EMIGRANT OBITUARIES (courtesy of Bob Strauch)



1) THE PRESIDENT'S CORNER (by Tom Steichen)

Tom SteichenIn this month's collection of bits and pieces in Article 1, I start off with some member responses to last month's articles. I continue with info on new records at FamilySearch, a few snippits from ORF News (on growing hops and buying railroad tracks), and some words on the 2020 Census.

Article 2 talks about Finding "Stuff" in (Digital) Microfilms. Not surprisingly (especially given that records are in German, Hungarian and Latin), our newer members have trouble finding some records, even though they are on a film. This article is intended to help navigate to the desired records.

Article 3 treats us to another exposition from BB member Richard Potetz, who writes about Date-of-Birth Errors—Roadblocks, Dead Ends, and Brick Walls. Understanding 'what can go wrong' is the first step to overcoming these problems... Richard explains the typical sources of such errors and gives approaches for resolving the problems that result.

Article 4 has us off in Ireland, where writer Michael O’Loughlin gives his Ten Rules for the Returning Emigrant. As I note in my introduction to it, "I suspect at least some of these "rules" apply to Burgenland." Have a read and see if you agree!

The remaining articles are our standard sections: Historical Newsletter Articles, and the Ethnic Events and Emigrant Obituaries sections.



Responses To Articles: I received a couple of comments in response to articles I published last month... first, concerning Historical BB Newsletter article "Was Meint 'Heimat'? How Is 'Heimat' Defined?" ...where I said of Minnesota: "...it's my Heimat... where is yours?"

Ilse Nusbaum wrote: "For my Opa (mother's father), Heimat was his village, Markt Piesting, in Lower Austria. Last week he was honored with the dedication of the Dr. Jakob Braun Promenade, a riverwalk along the Piesting River."

Richard Potetz wrote: "Heimat for me is now Granby, CT, where I know and interact with many people. Fifty years of just being here has made me a Granby person by osmosis. New Britain, where I was born and raised, is something else because of wonderful memories. But the wonderful part is just memories: factories torn down, forest land long ago cleared for a baseball park and new high school. My schools are gone. The streets where I roamed free are no longer completely safe as they were.

Burgenland was the Heimat for my parents, but really their Heimat was mostly memories. My parents’ Burgenland stories were very different from the Burgenland they visited in 1978: one room schools replaced by a combined school, school buses, recycling bins on door steps, electricity, indoor plumbing, store-bought bread, etc.

Editor: Writer Thomas Wolfe, had his lead character in You Can't Go Home Again (1940) say: "You can't go back home to your family, back home to your childhood ... back home to a young man's dreams of glory and of fame ... back home to places in the country, back home to the old forms and systems of things which once seemed everlasting but which are changing all the time – back home to the escapes of Time and Memory."

Richard Potetz certainly echoes that sensibility in his comments—both for his parents and for himself—yet he puts different titles to the childhood home... his being just a memory (his Heimat moved on), but his parents' childhood home still being their Heimat, if only in memories.

Ilse Nusbaum perhaps says as much by avoiding the personal question (where is her Heimat?), instead speaking only of her grandfather. She does not say present-day home (Los Angeles) is her Heimat and she can't say anti-Jewish pre-WW-II Austria is either.



The other article that provoked a response was "More Data from the Historisches Ortslexikon," in which I asked for opinions on why the Burgenland population data changed in the way they did.

[Note: Before I get to that comment I want to remind you that, due to an error in the original version, I corrected and republished that article on 2 July 2018. The first version of the article incorrectly spoke of "farms" but the edited version uses the correct settlement unit, "households." Correcting that error caused changes in my text, graphics and analysis. So, if you read the article before the above date, you should re-read the section concerning the "overall population data." I thank Bernhard Hammer for pointing out the problem.

I'll also note that the following comment arrived before the correction was published. However, its comments were directed at data and analyses that were unaffected by the editing, so remain valid. I'll also note that, since I was editing already, I made an additional tweak to the article to incorporate an idea prompted by the comment. My thanks to Richard for that!]

Richard Potetz wrote: "I think there are multiple causes for population changes. Modern medicine and modern medical knowledge about germs, typhoid, etc. reduced the death rate of children in a big way. Emigration took away 30 thousand just going to the US alone, according to what I have read in the BB newsletter: 'Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups estimates 40,000 Burgenland immigrants arrived in the US between 1880-1924 (with perhaps 25% return).' Canada, South America, England, Australia, New Zealand, Switzerland, Germany etc. received lots of people from Burgenland too. More recently, and perhaps the biggest cause of population change, is birth control and a culture change with people favoring small families, or no children at all."

Editor: What I added to the article, based on the above comment, was two-fold: first, the pre-1900 emigration did not seem to affect the Burgenland population trend in any discernable way (it continued the same linear growth path up to 1900) ...but perhaps that pre-1900 emigration was overwhelmed by the increased survivability due to the medical advances that Richard noted. Secondly, the post-1900 population remained flat despite these medical advances ...in this case, perhaps the greater post-1900 emigration, plus the loss of procreative-age adults due to the early emigration, fully countered the effects of increased survivability.



New Records at FamilySearch.org: FamilySearch announced this past month the availability of a new collection of 135.4 million digital historical records from Denmark (55.1 million), Finland (33.4 million), and Sweden (46.9 million). While these records do not apply to Burgenland, you may well have relatives (like I have my Finlander-heritage wife) to whom they do apply. The searchable collections are comprised of church records, including birth, marriage, and death records, confirmations, moving-in and moving-out records; court; tax lists; examination books; and more. The one down-side I've noted is that some of the digital-image records require you to be onsite at a physical FamilySearch research center for viewing. This arises because the collections were digitized in partnership with MyHeritage and the National Archives of Denmark and Finland, who have placed contractual limitations on access to their records.

In addition, an additional 19 million indexed records and 1.9 million images from around the world were added in June. While none of these were Burgenland-specific, their broad reach suggests at least some likely apply to your research interests!



Hop-Growing in Southern Burgenland Planned: ORF News ran a short bit this past month about the potential for growing hops in southern Burgenland. Currently, Austrian hops are grown mainly in select regions in Upper and Lower Austria and Styria. According to the Burgenland Chamber of Agriculture's Manfred Gsellmann, hops could also grow in southern Burgenland, becoming a new mainstay for farmers.

Gsellmann explained that the hops plant does not thrive everywhere. Soil, weather and climate must be right... and the climate in southern Burgenland is basically suitable for its cultivation. "Only the rainfall could be a problem, but if like this year, it would certainly be ideal for hop growing," said Gsellmann.

The interest in growing hops is motivated because more and more small private breweries are being set up in southern Burgenland, and "that these businesses could source the basic products from the region," says Gsellmann.

Given that, an excursion to southern Styria is planned for August to show interested farmers how to grow hops and to make them tasty. During this excursion, the farmers will be familiarized with the cultivation, care, fertilization, harvest, drying and storage of hops.



Burgenland Buys Another Section of Railway: In past newsletters I've mentioned that Burgenland receives funds from the EU's "Interreg" (for "Inter-region") program to support Burgenland-Hungary cross-border road and railroad improvements. Given that, various projects are currently under construction that will allow Burgenland products greater access to Hungarian markets and will bring more Hungarian tourists to Burgenland spas and resorts.

In addition to and in conjunction with those efforts, a Burgenland transportation infrasucture government unit, Verkehrs Infrastruktur Burgenland, has been buying unused sections of railway in Burgenland and reopening them for commerce. The latest addition is 8.4 km of rail between Unterwart and Großpetersdorf in the Oberwart district, which connects to a 24 km section from Friedberg (just in Styria) to Oberwart that was purchased a year ago. The immediate goal is to provide rail service to Sägewerk Fischer (the Fischer Sawmill) in Rotenturm and to relocate timber loading away from Oberwart. In the near future, other businesses in the corridor are expected to take advantage of the new rail service. However, the long-term goal is to restore the rail link to Szombathely, using Interreg funding, and provide both passenger and freight cross-border services.



US Census Bureau Begins Recruitment for 2020 Census Workers: The 2020 US Census will require hundreds of thousands of diverse but temporary workers to follow up by phone or in person with households that do not respond to the census questionnaire.

Before hiring begins, the Census Bureau needs to assemble an applicant pool in the millions (for the 2010 Census, it recruited approximately 3.9 million job applicants). In some areas, the Census Bureau will need applicants who are fluent both in English and another language, which can be a challenge. Thus their emphasis will be on competitive and attractive pay rates as well as an easy application process. However, job offers will be contingent upon applicants passing a background check (including fingerprinting). Although applications are not being taken yet, if you are interested in applying, you can sign up for the latest info here: Census Jobs email updates.



Book coverUpdate for book "The Burgenländer Emigration to America": Here is this month's update on purchases of the English issue of the 3rd edition of Dr. Walter Dujmovits' book "Die Amerika-Wanderung Der Burgenländer."

Current total sales are 1317 copies, as interested people purchased 8 more books during this past month.

As always, the book remains available for online purchase at a list price of $7.41 (which is the production charge for the book, as we purposely choose not to make a profit so we can avoid dealing with the income tax consequences and so you can obtain the book at as low a cost as possible!), plus tax & shipping. See the BB homepage for a link to the information / ordering page and for information about current discounts (there is at least one discount on price or shipping available most of the time... if not, wait a few days and there will be one!).



Burgenland Recipes: This is a family recipe from contributor Steve Lamberty, whose roots are in Schandorf in southern Burgenland. While there are similiarities to the recipes in BB newsletter 125, an important difference in this one is that the sour cream is added after all of the cooking is done, which helps safeguard against it curdling. The other thing that may be appealing is that this recipe uses boneless, skinless chicken, which makes for much easier eating!

CHICKEN PAPRIKASH(from Steve Lamberty)

Ingredients:
1 cup sour cream
1 1/2 cup chicken broth
1 onion, chopped or 1 tsp. onion powder
1 lb. boneless, skinless chicken thighs
1 lb. boneless, skinless chicken breasts
2 Tbsp. flour
1/4 cup butter
1 tsp. black pepper
3 Tbsp. Hungarian sweet paprika

Preparation:
1) Measure out 1 cup of sour cream and put to the side until later.
2) Prepare chicken broth, unless using a can or carton.
3) Chop an onion into medium-sized pieces.
4) Cut chicken into small pieces (2 in.) and dredge in flour.

Cooking:
1) Melt the butter in a skillet. Add chicken, onion/onion powder, pepper and paprika. Cook until lightly brown.
2) Add chicken broth, simmer. Cook until chicken is done.
3) When done, cool chicken mixture slightly, then add the sour cream. Stir until well blended.

Serving suggestion:
Serve over egg noodles or Spätzle.




Reminder: We no longer have a "regular" source for Burgenland recipes. As evidenced above, a few readers have shared favorite family recipes, and we do have a reserve for a couple of months now, but if contributions stop coming in, we'll be begging again! So, please consider sharing your favorite Burgenland recipes or recipe books with us. Our older relatives sadly aren't with us forever, so don't allow your allow your favorite ethnic dishes to become lost to future generations. Send your suggestions to BB Recipes Editor, Alan Varga. Thanks!



Cartoon of the Month:

   

2) FINDING "STUFF" IN (DIGITAL) MICROFILMS

Every so often, I receive a message from a member suggesting that a description we provide on our LDS pages about a Burgenland microfilm may be wrong.

In some cases, the member is correct, so I thank him/her for telling me about it and then quickly edit the description to be accurate (such errors usually occur because LDS did not correctly describe the film in their catalog, which was the source for our descriptions).

In other cases, the description is adequate but our member still failed to find the records of interest. This usually occurred when the member was looking for marriage or death records on a film that carried multiple type of records (births, marriages, deaths).

Burgenland records are usually arranged in one of two ways: 1) by year, with births, marriages and deaths (almost always in that order) presented for one year, before the same triplet is provided for the next year, etc.; and 2) by type (birth, marriage or death), with multiple years of each type presented before switching to the next type.

You can discover which arrangement a film has by looking at the header records on the film (note: a few films do not have header records). In the example below, the fourth image has the information we want:

I've blown up part of that fourth image and show it to the right.

As you can see, this is a film for the Valla / Wallern Roman Catholic records and contains the "Tauf-, Heirats-, Sterberegister" (baptism, marriage and death register) for 1826-1864. There is also a note reading "1 - 312 Folios," meaning that it contains ledger pages 1-312. The implication is that these ledger pages are presented "by year" with births, marriage and death triplets for each year.

It is useful to compare the folio information on this page with the image count presented by the image viewer (see right for this film). The viewer's image count indicates that there are 322 images on the film, which is reasonably consistent with the folio count of 312. The extra 10 images are the header and trailer pages that LDS added around the "item."

Note: an item is a separate section of a multi-section film; if there are multiple items, then there will be header and trailer pages around each item. When more than one item is on a film, the items are usually numbered and have dark images dividing the sections, such as the end of Item 2 and the start of Item 3 shown in the example below:

Should the folio count differ greatly from the image count, it usually implies one of a few possibilities:

  • If the image count is about twice the folio count, it likely indicates that the standard open-ledger double-pages were split into separate left and right images.

  • If the image count is less than the folio count, it likely indicates that the item has been split between two films... be sure to check for that second film!

  • If the image count is greater than the folio count, it likely indicates that there is more than one item on the film... be sure to check which item you wanted, as it may be much further into the film!

Note: In the BB LDS pages, our links take you directly to the start of the intended item when there is more than one item on a film. However, should you click a link found directly via the LDS catalog system, it will only take you to the beginning of the film... you must manually move to the specific item when it is not the first one on the film.

Shown to the right is an example for a film arranged in the second manner, "by type." In this case, it is the Pusztaszentmihály / Sankt Michael Catholic records for 1828-1895. Here we see that the Tauf, Heirats, and Sterbe registers are presented as three consecutive sections within one item, with ledger pages (folios) 1-378 being the baptisms, pages 379-514 being the marriages, and pages 515-832 being the deaths.

If you check the image count for this film in the viewer, you will see that it indicates that there are only 609 images (whereas the folio count is 832), so you should expect that some of the deaths are on a second film (which they are!).

The information presented indicates, for example, that if you wanted the start of the marriage records then you should skip to about image 394; i.e., skip 378 baptism pages plus about 15 header/trailer pages (the actual correct start image is 396). Had you wanted the start of the death records, skip 514 birth and marriage pages plus about 25 header/trailer pages, or to image 539 (the actual correct start image was 531).

In reality, there are no header/trailer pages between the different types of records on this film (this was all one item, after all); however, there were re-imagings of some ledger pages which pushed the image counts higher than the folio count indicated. In general, you can get close to the right start page but will seldom hit it exactly. Regardless, skipping to an approximate start image and then paging is still much quicker than paging through hundreds of images had you started at image 1!

You can also take this approximation one step further... say you wanted an 1864 marriage. Year 1864 is about halfway in the 1828-1895 range of years for the above film so, instead of starting at image 379, jump to, say, image 440, which is about halfway in the image range (379-514) for the marriages, then page.

As noted above, the links in our BB LDS pages take you directly to the start of the intended item on multi-item films (the LDS catalog system does not). In addition, we have started to do the same for by-type arrangements like on the St. Michael film above. If you look at our listing for St. Michael:


 
...you should see that the RC (Roman Catholic) births, marriages and deaths on film 700716 (digital collection 004674865) have been split into three separate entries, with each entry taking you directly to the start of the appropriate records.

It is our intention to do this for all by-type films, though that project is still in progress. Currently, all Burgenland districtsNeusiedl, Eisenstadt, Mattersburg, Oberpullendorf, Oberwart, Güssing and Jennersdorfshould be complete, but our Hungarian Borderland section still needs updating.


3) DATE-OF-BIRTH ERRORS—ROADBLOCKS, DEAD ENDS, AND BRICK WALLS
       (by Richard Potetz)


People new to genealogy often build their trees easily until they reach an immigrant ancestor, then falter when trying to connect to European records. The problem is magnified if the date of birth used by their immigrant ancestor in America was not their actual birth date. “Roadblock,” “dead end” and “brick wall” are all terms used by genealogists when they can’t trace an ancestor. Surname spelling variations are usually the culprit, but incorrect birth dates are a big cause too. Date-of-birth errors are not as rare as you might expect. From my small group of immigrant relatives there are three examples.

Wrong Birth Year

My father's uncle, Frank Potetz, was born 26 Oct 1885, but 1886 is engraved on his cemetery marker. His actual birth date in Burgenland is clear, recorded at the Sankt Martin an der Raab church:

1885 birth entry 130: Ferencz, born 26 Oct 1885, baptized 27 Oct 1885, legitimate, son of Jozsef Potetz, farmer, and Maria Forjan, his wife, in Neumarkt house 83.
familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-ZPD2-Z?i=460&cat=91171

It’s his records in America that are wrong: his age in the US census records and his year of birth in documents like his World War II draft registration, which read 26 Oct 1886. His published obituary continues the error, claiming he was 75 when he actually was 76. Considering the person, the error is a surprise.

Frank Potetz was a successful craftsman, supervisor, businessman and investor. But he did not know his birth year. He was the general foreman and plating master for North and Judd Manufacturing Company, makers of “Anchor Brand” buckles and snaps, products that depended on correct plating. Forty years after he retired, people asked me if I was related to the Frank Potetz, whose manufacturing recipes were still in use. A local history book, Images of America, New Britain, credits Frank Potetz as being one of the founders of the Austrian Club Donau. So how could someone that sharp be wrong about his birth year?

According to my dad, people in Burgenland did not celebrate birthdays ...or even take special note of them when the day came. The saint day for your given name was noted when that occurred during the year, but not your birthday. Nor did an adult need to know his date of birth. If there was ever a need to know that date you only had to go to the church to find it in the registry. So after our Burgenland ancestors came to America and needed to come up with a birth date for some official purpose, such as a naturalization record, they provided a date but not necessarily the right one.

Wrong Birth Date

And so it went with Mary (Zotter) Wohinz, whose naturalization record in America listed her birthday as 6 Jan 1878, six days before her actual birth date of 12 Jan 1878. The church in Sankt Martin an der Raab lists her birth and baptism:

1878 birth entry 5: Born and baptized on 12 Jan 1878
Maria, legitimate daughter of Ferencz Zotter, farmer, and Maria Zotter, Roman Catholic, in Farkasdifalva (Neumarkt an der Raab) house 32.

familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:9396-ZPCS-N?i=373&cat=91171

Mary’s wedding record, recorded in the Farkasdifalva (Neumarkt an der Raab) Hungarian civil registration, also correctly shows her birth date as 12 Jan 1878:

1901 wedding entry 17:
Groom: Alajos Wohinz born 1 Nov 1876 in Jennersdorf, living in Jennersdorf, son of Alajos Wohniz and Borbalya Schweitzer living in Jennersdorf
Bride: Maria Zotter born 12 January 1878 living in Neumarkt house 32, daughter of Ferencz Zotter and his wife Maria Zotter living in Neumarkt house 32.
familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1971-29854-8741-64?cc=1452460&wc=M9WP-RL4:1508347085

From the time of that marriage to the time Mary (Zotter) Wohinz arrived in America, the pace of events in her life was enough to make anyone unsure of their birthdate.

-   Married at the church in Sankt Martin an der Raab on 19 Aug 1901
-   Husband leaves for America, arriving at New York on 23 Dec 1901
-   Baby Anna born in Neumarkt an der Raab on 28th Mar 1902
-   Mary and 10-week-old baby Anna arrive at New York on 5 Jun 1902

What a busy ten months! When Mary applied for naturalization a few years later, her birthdate typed onto the form, 6 Jan 1878, was likely her best guess at the time, off by just six days. Worse than that though, on her burial marker in Saint Mary’s cemetery in New Britain, her year of birth is also wrong, recorded as 6 Jan 1879.

Wrong Birth Month and Date

A third example of a Burgenland immigrant not knowing her/his birthdate is John Zotter (1893-1977), a tailor, whose shop on Arch Street in New Britain I passed daily on my way to school. John thought he had been born on 29 Sep 1893. That’s the date he used in his Word War I draft registration in 1917 and also in his naturalization record in 1922. But the Sankt Martin an der Raab church records show he was actually born on 2 Dec 1893 and baptized the next day.

Knowing his background, it’s almost understandable why he could have been wrong about his birthdate. His mother died when he was just 9 years old. John was 17 when he came to America, and he had likely left home several years earlier than that to learn to be a tailor. His 1911 Ellis Island passenger manifest lists that he was already a tailor and had been living in Weinberg an der Raab, Styria, Austria, which is about seven miles from his birthplace in Hungary. John Zotter was right about his place of birth, Neumarkt an der Raab. He was only wrong about his birth date by nine weeks, but that would be enough to confuse a genealogist who had no other information about him.

Without a doubt the three people written about here are correctly placed in their family trees. Each of them shared details of their ancestry. Each of them left descendants who had DNA tests, proving the correctness of their placement in family trees because of multiple people connected to shared ancestors. Their date-of-birth errors did not cause a roadblock.

Descendants of people who had not shared their ancestry information have difficulty building a tree back to Burgenland if their immigrant ancestor’s date of birth information is wrong. Luckily we have the added tool of DNA connection to help verify possibilities when errors cause uncertainty.

The cause of the year-of-birth errors in my three person sample seems to be busy people losing track of the correct year ...but the date errors may have had another cause: confusion with religious celebration days. The last two examples of incorrect birth dates used in America are cases of important liturgical dates being used instead of the actual birth date.

We are lucky to have Burgenland Bunch staff members we can question when pondering issues such as saint days. Our leader, Tom Steichen, found Wikipedia articles that explain what are called name days in Hungary. The section below, from one of them, describes the use of name days, which continue to be celebrated even today in Hungary.

Name days (in Hungarian: névnap) in Hungary are very popular, often as much as a person's actual birthdate. A woman is typically given flowers on her name day by acquaintances, including in the workplace, and the price of flowers often rises around the dates of popular names because of demand. A bottle of alcohol is a common gift for men on their name day. Children frequently bring sweets to school to celebrate their name days. Name days are more often celebrated than birthdays in workplaces, presumably because it is simpler to know the date since most calendars contain a list of name days. You can also find the name day on daily newspapers by the date and on Hungarian websites. Some highly popular names have several name days; in that case, the person chooses on which day he or she wishes to celebrate. The list of the name days is, as usual in name day celebrating cultures, based on the traditional Catholic saints' feasts, but the link of the secular name days calendar to the Catholic calendar is not maintained anymore. For example, even religious Catholic people named Gergely (Gregory) after Pope Gregory the Great still celebrate their name days on 12 March, although the Church moved the feast of that saint to 3 September in 1969.

That last piece of information is important; showing the date of the old name day can differ from the present feast day of that saint. Seeking more information, the question below was asked of Burgenland Bunch staff member Fritz Königshofer, who has knowledge of life in Burgenland:

Hello Fritz, I know of two Burgenland immigrants who used incorrect birth dates in America, using instead important liturgical dates. One was born on December 2 but used September 29 as his birthdate, which is the feast day of Saint Michael and All Angels, what the English call Michaelmas. The other was born on January 12 but used January 6 as a birthdate, which is Epiphany.

These could be random memory errors, but I remember my dad telling me birthdays were not celebrated back in Neumarkt a/d Raab; saint days were celebrated instead. Do you think a Burgenland immigrant could have confused a date that was celebrated with their birthdate?

Fritz replied:

Hi Richard, I have heard that—as your dad told—name days were celebrated more than birthdays, and that in Hungary this situation may still obtain today. When I grew up in Graz in the 1950s, birthday celebrations were just taking over and today, name days have almost lost our attention. People don’t seem to need patron saints, and many of the first name choices don’t even have a saint to go with them.

This is about all I know about this subject. The rest is speculation. In church records of Steiermark or Burgenland I sometimes see the specification of one’s patron saint by an addendum to the Christian name. For instance, there were many saints named Joannes (John, Hans), such as Joannes Nepomuk, Joannes the Evangelist, etc. Each of these saints has a different day of celebration. If a parishioner intended to give a newborn son the name John, there was a good chance that a specific Saint John could be found whose day of celebration was close to, or exactly, the date of birth of the newborn. Apparently, instead of a person saint it was possible to take an event-based celebration day.

This was probably only one method to get a first name. Other customs were to use the first name of the godparent, or to give the first son the name of the father, and the second son the name of the grandfather. The method with the patron saint may have had the advantage of better remembering one’s actual birthday (and age).

Here are a few additional thoughts about name days. There was a Styrian writer, Peter Rosegger, who became famous for his depictions of the life of mountain farmers. In his autobiography, Rosegger used the following words about his birth: “Mein Geburtsjahr ist 1843. Den Geburtstag31. Julihabe ich mir erst später aus dem Pfarrbuche zu Krieglach heraussuchen lassen, denn bei uns daheim wurde nur mein Namenstag, Petri Kettenfeier, am 1. August, und zwar allemal dadurch gefeiert, dass mir meine Mutter an diesem Tage einen Eierkuchen buk.

Translation: “My year of birth is 1843. As to the birth dayJuly 31I had it searched out from the parish book at Krieglach, but only later, because at our home only my name day, Petri Kettenfeier on August 1, was always celebrated by my mother baking an egg-cake for me on that day.

Petri Kettenfeier celebrates the feast which remembers chapter 12 of Acts in the New Testament, where St. Peter is put into chains (Kette means chain), but is miraculously freed from them. It is easy to imagine that Rosegger received his given name (Peter) because there was a famous Saint’s date, i.e., St. Peter’s Chains, just one day later than the birth. I find this a powerful concept as it would often have created a closeness of name day and birth day. If the birth date was forgotten, it could easily be recovered. This may explain why the birth year was more often forgotten than the birth day and month.

So now we have an excellent reason for those date-of-birth errors: an example of an author who celebrated his name day and did not celebrate his birthday nor even make note of it. Even more telling is the author’s tale of searching the parish book to learn his birth date. Our immigrant ancestors lived too far away to search the parish book.

The religious celebration of saint feast days evolved into the secular celebration of name days in Hungary, but the date of a name day can differ from a feast day for the same name. For example, the name day for Matthias (Matyas in Hungarian) is February 24 according to Wikipedia, but there are number of feast days for the several saints called Saint Matthias. There is Saint Matthias of Jerusalem on January 30, and Saint Matthias of Meako on February 6, Saint Matthias Murumba on June 3, Saint Matthias Araki on July 12, and more. Also, the date of feast days can change, and different countries celebrate different feast days. There is no easy way to determine which date our immigrant ancestors would have used for their yearly celebration.

There are other reasons the date of birth you find published for an ancestor may not match a birth record in Europe. Transcription and transposition errors are possible. In Europe, dates are written in day/month/year order instead of the month/day/year order used in the US.

Here are some suggestions to people who have not been able to find a birth record on the expected date when attempting to trace their Burgenland immigrant ancestor: check the records of births ten months before and after the expected date; check the records of births with the day and month of the expected date swapped; investigate illegitimate births on the expected date and close dates if the given name matches your ancestor.

Genealogy would not be as much fun if it was easy.


4) TEN RULES FOR THE RETURNING EMIGRANT

Editor: While looking for something else, GoogleSearch dumped me on The Irish Times page, dated Jan 9, 2018, and an article, entitled as above, by Michael O’Loughlin, who is listed as a writer and poet.

Although the article is about Ireland and its re-emigrants, number one, it made me laugh! ...and I thought I'd share that laugh with you; number two, I suspect at least some of these "rules" apply to Burgenland, should you wish to permanently return (O'Loughlin is addressing those kind of returnees, not touristy visitors... those kind are quite welcome there [as they are in Burgenland!]). Enjoy...



O’Loughlin writes: Planning on coming home to Ireland in 2018?

Think again for it will be a mistake.

1. Don’t come back.

2. If you decide to come back anyway, remember that returning is the Great Irish Solecism (Ed: a breach of good manners; a piece of incorrect behavior). Never forget, we don’t want you. Here in Ireland people talk about the diaspora, write about the diaspora, there’s even a Minister for the Diaspora. The word diaspora originally referred to the dispersal of the Jewish population of Israel around the world. But for Israel, diaspora has its counterpart in “aliyah”, or the return to Israel. You never hear anyone in Ireland talk about aliyah. There is no Minister for Aliyah. If even a small percentage of the people who have left Ireland, and their descendants, were to return, chaos would ensue. If a sizeable percentage of the Irish diaspora were to make aliyah, the institutions of the State would collapse.

3. Don’t be fooled by the surface welcome, the tears and smiles at the airport. The State has not planned for your return, has made no provision for your health, your housing, your old age, or your children’s right to the education of their choice. The returned emigrant is not just another hungry snout in the limited trough, but a constant reminder of the existential fragility of the State, the vulnerability of its future. You will always make people a little nervous and resentful. You have failed to obey the holy commandment of the emigrant: stay away.

4. Having returned, do not, under any circumstances, ever mention any experience you have acquired, or anything you have learned, in your time outside Ireland. No thank you, we do not want to hear about the healthcare system in France, or rent control in Berlin, or wind power production in Canada. If you liked it so much, why didn’t you stay there? (Likewise, pretend to not speak any foreign languages. Otherwise people will suspect you of notions.)

5. When you return, do not be amused. In the beginning you will be easily amused by the absurdities and Irishisms. You will be tempted to store them away as anecdotes to dine out upon abroad for years to come. The one about the school which asks you where you go to Mass. The one about the school project which regrets they can’t admit your children because you didn’t put them down on the waiting list when they were born, 15,000 km away. Laugh while you still can, but you will pay for it. These people are not joking. Never forget: Ireland will soon wipe the smile off your face.

6. Be prepared for moments of complete disbelief. Remember those people in your class/college year, the ones with the wrong jeans and the middling marks, and the large complacent smiles, the sons and daughters of politicians, solicitors, auctioneers and doctors? Well, in your absence they have inherited the country, as they always expected they would. You gave them a free run. By staying in the same place, by standing still, they have risen inexorably. Inevitably, you will run into them, and they are not prepared to get out of your way.

7. Do not get into drunken late-night arguments in Connemara hotel bars with a group of dentists from Dublin who tell you the reason the Irish have such bad teeth is that the country is too small to pay for good teeth for everyone. You have to stop referring to Finland or Denmark, or even Iceland.

8. Radically revise your notions of success and failure. In Ireland, nothing succeeds like failure. The top ranks of society, in politics, in the media, in the professions, are filled with people who have consistently failed to achieve anything, except keeping their noses clean and the boat unrocked, and each failure is rewarded with promotion. Get elected to the Dáil, do nothing for years, get promoted to Minister, do nothing for years.

9. Do not, for one moment, believe the hype. Never forget that underneath the PR and the branding and rebranding, the novelty socks and the grinning plausibility, this is still a banana republic, even if they are now digital bananas. The centrality of emigration to the State’s continued existence remains unchanged. As the Irish politician Brian Lenihan once said “We can’t all live on a small island.” In the event of the always-inevitable crisis, it is not social change and a reorganisation of society but emigration which remains the default reaction. You drain off the surplus population and life goes on as normal for the rest. But this is a public secret which must never be discussed.

10. Above all: don’t come back.


5) HISTORICAL BB NEWSLETTER ARTICLES

Editor: This is part of our series designed to recycle interesting articles from the BB Newsletters of 10 years ago. However, the July 2008 edition was quite short and did not have an adequate article so I chose to go 15 years back (2003).

In the selected article from July 2003, Gerry Berghold talks about taking a DNA test that "proves the Germanic migration of his maternal clan." While I do not place much significance on any DNA "proof" from 15 years ago, I do think it is interesting to see what the thinking was about such issues back in those "DNA dark days" (I also wonder how much we will laugh in another 15 years when looking at 2018 DNA analyses!). I will add additional comments after Gerry's article...




THE BURGENLAND BUNCH NEWS - No. 120A
July 31, 2003

DNA SEQUENCE PROVES GERMANIC MIGRATION OF MY MATERNAL CLAN
(by Gerry Berghold)


In newsletter 118C-2, I discussed the use of DNA as a tool to trace maternal clan links. This was predicated on the book "The Seven Daughters Of Eve" written by Prof. Bryan Sykes, MA, Phd, DSc, University of Oxford. I mentioned that I would be utilizing the DNA program offered by Oxford Ancestors and would report on the results. I sent my DNA (ten brush samples taken from my inner cheeks) to England a few weeks ago and recently received their report. Considering what I know of my ancestors (traced and linked to the mid 1600's), I had no doubt that I was descended through the maternal line from ancestors living either in the Alpine regions or slightly east of there. This would put my DNA in what Oxford Ancestors calls "the clan of Katrine" although there was the possibility that, given western Germanic migration, it could be the "clan of Helena" which evolved just west of the Alps in France and Germany.

The report states that my DNA mitochondrial sequence definitely matches those of the "clan of Helena" and not the "clan of Katrine." This places my ancestral origin some 20,000 years ago in the region which is now France and Germany. Migration east must have occurred numerous times between that point and the year 1650 when I first identified ancestry in the Burgenland, with indications that there was indeed, previous migration from western Austria, Bavaria, Styria and other Germanic areas.

Since most of my ancestors were Germanic through all of the generations that I have linked, this is not a great revelation. That DNA places it on the western side of the Alps, thousands of years ago is an astounding and important revelation.

I believe we can deduce from this that most descendants with continuous Germanic maternal ancestors in the Burgenland will show a DNA match with the "clan of Helena" - back 20,000 years ago; Hungarian descendants will probably trace to the "clan of Katrine" - 15,000 years ago and Croat descendants will trace to the "clans of Ursula" - 45,000 years ago or Xenia - 25,000 years ago. Professor Sykes, in his book "The Seven Daughters Of Eve," provides proof of what he calls the "clan of Ursula" migrating from the Mediterranean area northward into Europe about 45,000 years ago, based on DNA and mutational changes over time. Mutations occur on average every 20,000 years.

If you have an interest in your DNA sequence, I suggest you read the book and contact Oxford Ancestors. I believe DNA allows us to establish a major ancestral root, but the lack of written records makes it impossible to establish all of the stems or branches. Obtaining your DNA sequence is expensive and the result will not furnish you with a pedigree, but if you ever wondered where you came from, it will provide an answer - at least between 10,000 and 45,000 years ago. You won't get much beyond 400 years checking church records. Once you do have your DNA sequence, you can compare it with others and possibly link to some other lines. This is something I'll be looking into next.



Additional comments, Editor: Oxford Ancestors was a company run by Bryan Sykes, a professor at Oxford University and the author of the book Gerry mentions, "The Seven Daughters of Eve." I say "was" because the company recently became a victim of the EU's GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation), choosing to shut down rather than retool to meet all the data-security requirements of the regulation. It had already stopped testing, as Dr. Sykes was planning to retire; the GDPR was just the final straw.

Back then, Oxford Ancestors' mitochondrial test cost $900 and tested only 400 mtDNA locations among the 16,569 locations of the full-sequence test (which FTDNA currently sells for $159 when "on sale"). As such, it was a pitifully inaccurate test, assigning people to one of just 7 branches (clans) on the mitochondrial tree (for comparison, the current [2016] mitochondrial tree has nearly 5,500 documented branches).

If there was one sentence I found most humorous in Gerry's article, it was when he said "I believe we can deduce from this that most descendants with continuous Germanic maternal ancestors in the Burgenland will show a DNA match with the "clan of Helena" - back 20,000 years ago." Had I taken the same test back then, my result would have led (just as strongly, if that can be said) to the "Clan of Tara," as my modern, full-sequence test says I'm on that branch (and I can document the Germanic roots of my Burgenland maternal ancestors at least as far back as Gerry could his).

Given that The Seven daughter of Eve is now considered incredibly outdated, I can't recommend that you read it, even though it was, at publication, a groundbreaking book.

A last thought: Apparently the Oxford Ancestors database and 21 years worth of DNA samples is to be trashed (which is the same fate suffered by the Y and mitochondrial results in the Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation database in 2016 and in the AncestryDNA database in 2015). What this says is that nothing is forever; if you wish to have a record of your tests, download them and preserve them yourself!
 

6) ETHNIC EVENTS

LEHIGH VALLEY, PA


Saturday, August 4: Sommerfest at the Evergreen Heimatbund in Fleetwood. Music by Maria & John. Info: www.evergreenclub.org

Sunday, August 5: Parish Picnic & Homecoming at St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church in Coplay. Polka Mass at 10:30 AM. Entertainment by the Emil Schanta Band. Info: www.stpeterchurchcoplay.com

Sunday, August 19: German-American Day at the Reading Liederkranz. Entertainment by "Mädeljäger" and local Schuhplattlers and German singing groups. Info: www.readingliederkranz.com

Friday-Sunday, August 24-26: Coplay Community Days at Coplay Community Park. Entertainment by the Josef Kroboth Orchestra on Aug. 26.: Info: www.facebook.com/CoplayCommunityDaysFestival


NEW BRITAIN, CT

Friday, August 3, 7 pm: Heimat Abend. Austrian Donau Club, 545 Arch Street, $3. Music by Frank Billowitz.

Friday, August 17, 7:30 pm: Heurigan Abend. Austrian Donau Club, 545 Arch Street, $3. Music by Schachtelgebirger Musikanten.


UPPER MIDWEST

Sunday, August 5, 12:30 - 5 pm: The Summer Meeting of the Upper Midwest Burgenland Bunch will be held August 5th from 12:30 to 5 pm at the Ramsey County Library, which is at 4560 Victoria St. N, Shoreview, MN. It is also our picnic meeting so bring a dish to share.


7) BURGENLAND EMIGRANT OBITUARIES

Franz "Frank" Simitz

February 5, 1925 - June 1, 2018

Peacefully with family at his side at Southlake Regional Health Centre, at the age of 93.

Born in Burgenland, Austria, immigrated to Canada in 1954, he lived in Richmond Hill for over 50 years and recently, Aurora.

Frank was a man who loved the simple pleasures. Tending his beautiful flowers and organic vegetable gardens in Richmond Hill, backyard picnic table gatherings with good friends, and always-his wife's home cooking. He often had a schnapps or wine-making project on the go; notably blueberry wine from hand-picked berries, at some peril, with his family in the Soo. He had a great reverence for nature, and enjoyed the seasons of planting and harvesting reflective of his farming roots in Burgenland, Austria.

Upon immigrating to Canada in 1954 Frank took on a trade and was a proud Carpenter's Union Local 27 member for over 50 years; known for his work ethic and perfectionism. He was a very logical and knowledgeable man, who enjoyed numbers, often with a Sudoku in hand, always to be done in ink only; no mistakes allowed!

He leaves behind Bibiana, his dedicated wife of 64 years, his children Ernest, Edith Burch (the late Randy), Gertrude Paraskevin (Ken) and Edward. His grandchildren who simply made him beam; Madeline, Emily, Julia and Michael. And his favorite dog, Betty White.

Decidedly old-school stern, he mellowed with age and in the end he leaves us these gifts: the love he had for his family, a legacy of honest and determined work, the value of simplicity vs materialism, thinking for oneself, staying aware of global events yet acting locally, and putting away for the future. Thanks Dad!

A small, happy ("crying doesn't help") private celebration of life will be held on Saturday July 7 at Thompson Funeral Home in Aurora 12:00-3:00; with planned spoken words about 12:30. In lieu of flowers, Frank would have said "save your money". So if you wish, tend to a plant in his honour, or enjoy a simple pleasure with those you love. Please bring your fond memories to share and be prepared to raise a glass. Prosit!

Published in the Toronto Star on July 3, 2018



Justine Hayward (née Oswald)

Justine Hayward, age 100, of Hawley, Pennsylvania, died Sunday, July 15, 2018. She was preceded in death by her husband of 52 years, David James Hayward, in 1998.

Born January 5, 1918, in Jabing, Austria, she was the daughter of the late Wendelin and Justine (Findler) Oswald.

Formerly of Queens, NY, she had been a Hawley resident since 1980. A member of BVM Queen of Peace Roman Catholic Church, over the years she had been active with the Altar & Rosary Society, served as a Eucharistic Minister and was a member of the Quilting Club. She was a homemaker and mother, a profession from which she never retired. Her strong faith and belief in the Lord and His ways always provided her with tremendous inner strength and guided her throughout her life. In her free time, she enjoyed gardening and was a wonderful cook whose family loved all her delicious food.

She is survived by two daughters: Teresa Austin of Flushing, NY, and Virginia Mancini of Hawley; three sons: James Hayward and his wife Karen of Westbury, NY, David Hayward and his wife Laura of Lincroft, NJ, and Denis Hayward and his wife Wini of Hawley; fourteen grandchildren: Raymond, Sondra, Michelle, Frank, Justin, Christopher, David, Peter, Kelly, Regina, John, Jennifer, Katherine and Nicholas; and eight great grandchildren. She was predeceased by a daughter, Justine O'Connor.

Visitation will be held on Wednesday, July 18, from 2:30 to 7 PM at Teeters' East Chapel, 505 Church St., Hawley, PA. A Mass of Christian Burial will be held at 10:00 AM on Thursday, July 19, at BVM Queen Of Peace Roman Catholic Church, 314 Chestnut Ave, Hawley celebrated by Rev. Richard W. Beck, Pastor. Burial will follow in B.V.M. Queen Of Peace Cemetery. Memorials may be made to Covenant House, 460 W. 41st St., New York, NY 10036 (covenanthouse.org) or Anderson Center for Autism, 4885 US 9, Staatsburg, NY 12580 (andersoncenterforautism.org). For additional information or to leave a condolence, please visit www.TeetersFuneralChapel.com. Arrangements were made by Teeters' Funeral Chapel, Inc., 505 Church St., Hawley, PA 18428.

Published in Wayne Independent on July 17, 2018

END OF NEWSLETTER (Even good things must end!)


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